Mental health and human rights : vision, praxis, and courage
edited by Michael Dudley, Derrick Silove and Fran Gale
Mental disorders are ubiquitous, profoundly disabling and people suffering from them frequently endure the worst conditions of life. In recent decades both mental health and human rights have emerged as areas of practice, inquiry, national policy-making and shared international concern. Human-rights monitoring and reporting are core features of public administration in most countries, and human rights law has burgeoned. Mental health also enjoys a new dignity in scholarship, international discussions and programs, mass-media coverage and political debate. Today's experts insist that it impacts on every aspect of health and human well-being, and so becomes essential to achieving human rights. It is remarkable however that the struggle for human rights over the past two centuries largely bypassed the plight of those with mental disabilities. Mental health is frequently absent from routine health and social policy-making and research, and from many global health initiatives, for example, the Millenium Development Goals. Yet the impact of mental disorder is profound, not least when combined with poverty, mass trauma and social disruption, as in many poorer countries.
Stigma is widespread and mental disorders frequently go unnoticed and untreated. Even in settings where mental health has attracted attention and services have undergone reform, resources are typically scarce, inequitably distributed, and inefficiently deployed. Social inclusion of those with psychosocial disabilities languishes as a distant ideal. In practice, therefore, the international community still tends to prioritise human rights while largely ignoring mental health, which remains in the shadow of physical-health programs. Yet not only do persons with mental disorders suffer deprivations of human rights but violations of human rights are now recognized as a major cause of mental disorder - a pattern that indicates how inextricably linked are the two domains. This volume offers the first attempt at a comprehensive survey of the key aspects of this interrelationship. It examines the crucial relationships and histories of mental health and human rights, and their interconnections with law, culture, ethnicity, class, economics, neuro-biology, and stigma.
It investigates the responsibilities of states in securing the rights of those with mental disabilities, the predicaments of vulnerable groups, and the challenge of promoting and protecting mental health. In this wide-ranging analysis, many themes recur - for example, the enormous mental health burdens caused by war and social conflicts; the need to include mental-health interventions in humanitarian programs in a manner that does not undermine traditional healing and recovery processes of indigenous peoples; and the imperative to reduce gender-based violence and inequities. It particularly focuses on the first-person narratives of mental-health consumers, their families and carers, the collective voices that invite a major shift in vision and praxis. The book will be valuable for mental-health and helping professionals, lawyers, philosophers, human-rights workers and their organisations, the UN and other international agencies, social scientists, representatives of government, teachers, religious professionals, researchers, and policy-makers.
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[目次]
A personal testament
PART 1: OVERARCHING CONCEPTUAL ISSUES
1. Human rights development: provenance, ambit and effect
2. Mental health and illness as human rights issues: philosophical, historical and social perspectives and controversies
3. Mental health law and human rights: evolution and contemporary challenges
4. Culture and context in human rights
5. Stigma and discrimination: critical human rights issues for mental health
6. Genes, Biology, Mental Health and Human Rights. The Effects of Traumatic Stress as a Case Example
7. Race Equality and Mental Health
8. Mental health economics, mental health policies and human rights
9. HIV, mental health, and human rights
10. Universal Legal Capacity as a Universal Human Right
Commentary 1: Thinking about human rights: a personal perspective
Commentary 2: Global mental health and social justice
PART 2: HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES, PSYCHIATRY, NATION STATES, AND MARKETS
Introduction: Human Rights Abuses, Mental Health, Nation States, and Markets
11. Through a glass, darkly: Nazi Era Illuminations of Psychiatry, Human Rights, and Rights Violations
12. The abuse of psychiatry for political purposes
13. Descent into the Dark Ages: Torture in its Perceived Legitimacy in Contemporaru Times
14. Medicine, mental health and capital punishment
15. Mental health and human rights in secure settings
16. The rights of people with severe and persistent mental illness
17. Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape: A Framework Proposal for the Comprehension and Prevention of Health Professionals' Complicity in Detainee Abuse
COMMENTARY 3: COERCIVE TREATMENT IN PSYCHIATRY: A HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE?
18. Psychiatrists and the pharmaceutical industry - on the ethics of a complex relationship
COMMENTARY 4: PROTECTING THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF PEOPLE WITH MENTAL DISORDERS: A CALL TO ACTION FOR GLOBAL MENTAL HEALTH
COMMENTARY 5: DETAINED,DIAGNOSED, AND DISCHARGED: HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF MENTAL ILLNESS IN NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRAILIA
PART 3: SOME VULNERABLE GROUPS
19. Civilian Populations Affected By Conflict Displacement: Mental Health and the Human Rights Imperative
21. Human rights and women's mental health
RAPHAEL, CAROL NADELSON, MELANIE TAYLOR, AND JENNIFER JACOBS
22. Trafficking, mental health and human rights
23. Women's Bodies, Sexualities, and Human Rights
24. Human rights, health, and indigenous Austrailians
25. Human rights for people with intellectual disabilities
26. Missing Voices: Speaking up for the rights of
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH DISABILITIES
AND DIANA SAMARASAN
27. The mental health and rights of mentally ill older people
28. Sex and Gender: Biology, Culture, and the Expression of Gender
29. The rights of individuals treated for drug addiction
THE VEIL OF SILENCE: HUMAN RIGHTS AND SUICIDE
PART 4: PROTECTION OF MENTAL HEALTH: CURRENT PROVISIONS AND HOW THEY MAY BE STRENGTHENED
Introduction: Protection of mental health: current provisions and how they
MAY BE STRENGTHENED
30. : Protecting the rights of the mentally ill in poorly resourced settings: experiences from four African countries
31. Human rights standards relevant to mental health and how they may be made more effective
32. The role of world associations and the United Nations
33. Whose voices should be heard?: the role of mental health consumers, psychiatric survivors and families
COMMENTARY 7: THE RIGHT TO HEALTH
34. The right to participation of people with mental disabilities in legal and policy reforms
35. Human rights in the real world: exploring best practice research in a mental health context
36. Reflections from a mother-infant intervention: a
HUMAN RIGHTS BASED APPROACH TO RESEARCH COLLABORATION
MARK TOMLINSON, PETER COOPER, LESLIE SWARTZ, AND MIREILLE
LANDMAN
37. Can Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Act as a Human Rights Intervention for Consumers Experiencing Severe Mental Diorder?
38. Promoting a just society and preventing human rights violations: a post-Nuremberg inheritance for the helping professions
PART 5: TOWARDS THE FUTURE
Afterword: Global mental health and human rights: barriers and opportunities
AUTHOR INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX
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書名
Mental health and human rights : vision, praxis, and courage
