White paper on Japanese economy  1979

[目次]

• WHITE PAPER ON JAPANESE ECONOMY 1979
• CONTENTS
• PART I. IN FISCAL 1978 JAPAN'S ECONOMY ACHIEVED EQUILIBRIUM INTERNALY AND EXTERNALY / 1
• CHAPTER 1. THE JAPENESE ECONOMY IN FISCAL 1978 -- Trendss and Characteristics -- / 1
• Section 1. The Japanese Economy in the Process of Recovery after the Oil Crisis / 1
• 1. Characteristics of the Fiscal 1978 Economy / 1
• 2. Five Features of Recovery / 3
• 3. The Emergence of New Problem / 9
• Section 2. Factors Behind the Recovery / 11
• Section 3. Buoyancy of Private Demand / 17
• 1. Inventory Investment Entering an Upswing Phase / 17
• 2. Acceleration in Fixed Investments / 20
• 3. Steady Personal Consumption / 29
• (1) Trend of Personal Consumption / 29
• 4. Private Housing Supported by Loans of Housing Loan Corporation / 35
• Section 4. Present Status and Problems of Fiscal and Monetary Policies / 40
• 1. Effects of Fiscal Policy and Large National Bond Issues / 40
• 2. Continuation of Easy Money and Finance of Corporation / 42
• 3. Tasks of Fiscal and Monetary Policies / 44
• Section 5. Prospects of the Economy / 47
• CHAPTER 2. BALANCE OF PAYMENTS TURNS FROM SURPLUS TO DEFICIT / 48
• Section 1. Declining Export Volume / 48
• 1. General Trend of Exports / 48
• 2. The Volume of Exports Declined Mainly due to Appreciation of the Yen / 50
• Section 2. Imports on Sharp Uptrend / 53
• 1. The Rapid Expansion of Imports of Manufactured Products / 53
• 2. Raw Material Imports on an Uptrend / 53
• Section 3. THE Overall Balance in Deficit / 57
• 1. The Current Balance in Equilibrium / 57
• 2. Long Term Capital Deficit Increased Sharply / 57
• Section 4. The Yen Rate of Fluctuated Violently / 62
• CHAPTER 3. PRICE TRENDS CHANGING / 65
• Section 1. Wholesale Price Rising Sharply / 69
• Section 2. Consumer Price Further Stabilized / 72
• Section 3. Price Trends / 75
• Section 4. Measures Against Inflation / 83
• PART II. TOWARDS VITAL AND STABLE GROWTH / 83
• CHAPTER 1. GETTING AWAY FROM`WEIGHT REDUCTION' / 83
• Section 1. Corporate Profits Steadily Improved / 83
• 1. Improvement in Profits and Diminishing Industry‐wise Discrepancies / 83
• 2. Adaptation to Higher Yen Rate / 84
• Section 2. Progress of `Weight Reduction' / 87
• Section 3. Aims and Problems of `Weight Reduction' / 92
• 1. Aims of `Weight Reduction' / 92
• 2. Problems of `Weight Reduction' / 93
• CHAPTER 2. VITALIZATION OF THE JAPANESE ECONOMY / 98
• Section 1. Importance of Innovations / 98
• Section 2. Management of the Energy Problem / 102
• 1. Progress in Energy Conservation / 102
• 2. Basic Principle of Energy Consevation and General Plans / 103
• Section 3. Rationalization of Low Productivity Sectors / 111
• 1. Reforem in Agriculture / 111
• 2. Rationalization of the Distribution Sector / 112
• CHAPTER 3. TOWARDS STABLE EMPLOYMENT / 116
• Section 1. Trends and Characteristics of Employment after the Oil Crisis and Factors Involved / 116
• 1. Four Feavures of Employment Trends / 116
• 2. Factors Behind These Changes / 116
• Section 2. Evaluation of Labor Market Trends / 122
• 1. Slower Increase of Wage Levels / 122
• 2. Evaluation of Employment Stability / 122
• 3. Increase of Unemployment / 123
• 4. Recent Improvements / 123
• Section 3. Increase of Employment in Tertiary Industries / 128
• 1. Trends of Employment by Industry / 128
• 2. Composition of Tertiary Employment Increases / 128
• 3. New Scope for Employment / 129
• Section 4. Measures to Secure Stable Employment / 132
• Conclusions / 133
• (Adjustment Process after the Oil Crisis Terminated) / 133
• (Towards Expansion without Inflation) / 135
• (Towards Vital and Stable Growth) / 137

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