Agricultural development series  1

[目次]

• CONTENTS
• Preface
• I. HISTORY OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION / 6
• A. The Meiji Restoration and the Arising Desire for Technical Improvement / 6
• B. Governmental Policy for Promotion of Agriculture / 6
• C. The Role of Landowner Farmers / 7
• D. The Development of the Agricultural Association(Nokai) / 7
• E. Agricultural Experiment Stations / 8
• F. From World War I to World War II / 9
• G. Postwar Guidance Farms / 10
• II. BIRTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF EXTENSION WORK / 12
• A. Purpose and Characteristics of Extension Work / 12
• 1. A Basic Principle of Extension:Never Force Anything on Farmers against Their Will / 13
• 2. Extension Gives Over‐all Guidance Adapted to Actual Individual Farm Conditions / 13
• 3. Extension Gives no Guidance That Must Relv on Commodities or Subsides / 14
• 4. Extension Uses Various Methods / 15
• 5. Extension Is Carried on in Close Relation with Experiment and Research Institutions / 17
• 6. Extension Encourages Activities of Rural Youth Clubs and Agricultural Research Groups / 17
• 7. Extension Attaches Importance to the Coordination of Extension Work and Home Improvement in Rural Villages / 17
• 8. Extension Is a Cooperative Undertaking Between the National Government and Each Prefecture,in Accordance with the Law / 18
• B. Law and Funds for Extension Work / 18
• C. Outline of Organization of Extension Work(Personnel and Organs) / 21
• 1. Extension Advisers / 23
• 2. Subject-matter Specialists / 25
• 3. Area Extension Offices / 25
• 4. Prefectural Agricultural Improvement Sections / 26
• 5. Extension Division in the Development Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry / 28
• 6. Cooperative Organs for Extension Work / 28
• D. Qualifying Examinations for Extension Workers and Their Pre‐service and In‐service Training / 29
• 1. Qualifying Examinations for Extension Advisers / 29
• 2. Qualifying Examinations for Subject-matter Specialists / 30
• 3. Training for Extension Advisers / 31
• E. Outline of Present Extension Activities / 32
• 1. Idea of Extension Activities / 33
• 2. Forms of Extension Activities / 34
• 3. Classification of Activities of Extension Advisers / 35
• 4. Methods of Extension Activities / 37
• 5. Working Hours of Extension Advisers / 41
• 6. Subject Matter / 41
• 7. Activities of Subject-matter Specialists / 42
• F. Rural Youth Clubs / 42
• 1. Membership and Volunteer Leaders / 43
• 2. Liaison Council / 44
• 3. Exchange of Club Members Between Prefectures / 44
• 4. Cooperation Between Agricultura!High Schools and Extension Offices / 45
• G. Management Training Farms / 45
• H. Agricultural Training Schools / 46
• III. POTENTIAL PROBLEMS OF EXTENSION WORK IN THE FUTURE / 47
• A. Better Qualified Extensior Advisers / 47
• B. Extension and Encouragement of Production / 47
• C. Study of Extension Methods / 48
• D. Cooperation Between Farm and Home Advisers / 49
• Acknowledgements
• 1. Funds Appropriated for Extension Work / 21
• 2. Educational Background of Extension Advisers / 23
• 3. Age‐groups of Extension Advisers / 23
• 4. Subject‐matter Specialists as of December 31,1956 / 25
• 5. Subjects Covered in Qualifying Examinations for Farm Advisers and Home Advisers / 29
• 6. Youth Clubs‐Kinds and Number / 43
• 7. Youth Clubs‐Age Groups / 43
• 1. Funds Appropriated for Extension Work / 20
• 2. Organization of Agricultural Extension Work,1958 / 27
• 3. Working Hours of Extension Advisers,by Activities / 41
• 1. Seeing Is Believing / 16
• 2. Individual Problems Receive Attention / 16
• 3. Farm Advisers and Home Advisers Work as a Team / 22
• 4. Guidance Is a Practical Thing / 22
• 5. Program Planning Is Important / 24
• 6. Reports Are Necessary / 24
• 7. Extension Advisers Keep in Close Touch with Research Work / 37
• 8. Extension Work with Groups Is Very Effective / 39
• 9. They Learn To Do by Doing(4‐H Club) / 43

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